Node.jsĀ® is an open-source, cross-platform JavaScript runtime environment.

As an asynchronous event-driven JavaScript runtime, Node.js is designed to build scalable network applications. In the following “hello world" example, many connections can be handled concurrently. Upon each connection, the callback is fired, but if there is no work to be done, Node.js will sleep.

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Parts of Node.js

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Modules

Modules are like JavaScript libraries that can be used in a Node.js application to include a set of functions.

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Console

The console module provides a method for debugging similar to the basic JavaScript console provided by internet browsers.

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Cluster

Node.js is built-on on the concept of single-threaded programming.

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Global

Global objects in Node.js are available in all modules.

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Error Handling

Node.js applications experience four types of errors.

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Streaming

Streams are the objects that let you read data or write data continuously.

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Buffer

Buffer is a module that allows the handling of streams that contain only binary data.

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Domain

The domain module intercepts errors that remain unhandled.

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DNS

DNS module is used to connect to a DNS server and perform name resolution.

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Debugger

Node.js includes a debugging utility that can be accessed by a built-in debugging client.